Gregorian Chant
Cohors ergo et tribunus et ministri Iudæorum comprehenderunt Iesum et ligaverunt eum et adduxerunt ad Annam primum; erat enim socer Caiphæ, qui erat pontifex anni illius. Erat autem Caiphas, qui consilium dederat Iudæis: “Expedit unum hominem mori pro populo.”
Sequebatur autem Iesum Simon Petrus et alius discipulus. Discipulus autem ille erat notus pontifici et introivit cum Iesu in atrium pontificis; Petrus autem stabat ad ostium foris. Exivit ergo discipulus alius, qui erat notus pontifici, et dixit ostiariæ et introduxit Petrum. Dicit ergo Petro ancilla ostiaria: “Numquid et tu ex discipulis es hominis istius?” Dicit ille: “Non sum!” Stabant autem servi et ministri, qui prunas fecerant, quia frigus erat, et calefaciebant se; erat autem cum eis et Petrus stans et calefaciens se. Pontifex ergo interrogavit Iesum de discipulis suis et de doctrina eius. Respondit ei Iesus: “Ego palam locutus sum mundo; ego semper docui in synagoga et in templo, quo omnes Iudæi conveniunt, et in occulto locutus sum nihil. Quid me interrogas? Interroga eos, qui audierunt quid locutus sum ipsis; ecce hi sciunt, quæ dixerim ego.” Hæc autem cum dixisset, unus assistens ministrorum dedit alapam Iesu dicens: “Sic respondes pontifici?” Respondit ei Iesus: “Si male locutus sum, testimonium perhibe de malo; si autem bene, quid me cædis?” Misit ergo eum Annas ligatum ad Caipham pontificem.
Erat autem Simon Petrus stans et calefaciens se. Dixerunt ergo ei: “Numquid et tu ex discipulis eius es?” Negavit ille et dixit: “Non sum!” Dicit unus ex servis pontificis, cognatus eius, cuius abscidit Petrus auriculam: “Nonne ego te vidi in horto cum illo?” Iterum ergo negavit Petrus; et statim gallus cantavit.
Adducunt ergo Iesum a Caipha in prætorium. Erat autem mane. Et ipsi non introierunt in prætorium, ut non contaminarentur, sed manducarent Pascha. Exivit ergo Pilatus ad eos foras et dicit: “Quam accusationem affertis adversus hominem hunc?” Responderunt et dixerunt ei: “Si non esset his malefactor, non tibi tradidissemus eum.” Dixit ergo eis Pilatus: “Accipite eum vos et secundum legem vestram iudicate eum!” Dixerunt ei Judæi: “Nobis non licet interficere quemquam,” ut sermo Iesu impleretur, quem dixit, significans qua esset morte moriturus.
Introivit ergo iterum in prætorium Pilatus et vocavit Iesum et dixit ei: “Tu es rex Iudæorum?” Respondit Iesus: “A temetipso tu hoc dicis, an alii tibi dixerunt de me?” Respondit Pilatus: “Numquid ego Iudæus sum? Gens tua et pontifices tradiderunt te mihi; quid fecisti?” Respondit Iesus: “Regnum meum non est de mundo hoc; si ex hoc mundo esset regnum meum, ministri mei decertarent, ut non traderer Iudæis; nunc autem meum regnum non est hinc.” Dixit itaque ei Pilatus: “Ergo rex es tu?” Respondit Iesus: “Tu dicis quia rex sum. Ego in hoc natus sum et ad hoc veni in mundum, ut testimonium perhibeam veritati; omnis, qui est ex veritate, audit meam vocem.” Dicit ei Pilatus: “Quid est veritas?”
Et cum hoc dixisset, iterum exivit ad Iudæos et dicit eis: “Ego nullam invenio in eo causam. Est autem consuetudo vobis, ut unum dimittam vobis in Pascha; vultis ergo dimittam vobis regem Iudæorum?” Clamaverunt ergo rursum dicentes: “Non hunc, sed Barabbam!” Erat autem Barabbas latro. Tunc ergo apprehendit Pilatus Iesum et flagellavit. Et milites, plectentes coronam de spinis, imposuerunt capiti eius et veste purpurea circumdederunt eum; et veniebant ad eum et dicebant: “Ave, rex Iudæorum!” et dabant ei alapas. Et exiit iterum Pilatus foras et dicit eis: “Ecce adduco vobis eum foras, ut cognoscatis quia in eo invenio causam nullam.”
Exiit ergo Iesus foras, portans spineam coronam et purpureum vestimentum. Et dicit eis: “Ecce homo!” Cum ergo vidissent eum pontifices et ministri, clamaverunt dicentes: “Crucifige, crucifige!” Dicit eis Pilatus: “Accipite eum vos et crucifigite; ego enim non invenio in eo causam.” Responderunt ei Iudaei: “Nos legem habemus, et secundum legem debet mori, quia Filium Dei se fecit.”
Cum ergo audisset Pilatus hunc sermonem, magis timuit et ingressus est prætorium iterum et dicit ad Iesum: “Unde es tu?” Iesus autem responsum non dedit ei. Dicit ergo ei Pilatus: “Mihi non loqueris? Nescis quia potestatem habeo dimittere te et potestatem habeo crucifigere te?” Respondit Iesus: “Non haberes potestatem adversum me ullam, nisi tibi esset datum desuper; propterea, qui tradidit me tibi, maius peccatum habet.” Exinde quærebat Pilatus dimittere eum; Iudæi autem clamabant dicentes: “Si hunc dimittis, non es amicus Cæsaris! Omnis, qui se regem facit, contradicit Cæsari.”
Pilatus ergo, cum audisset hos sermones, adduxit foras Iesum, et sedit pro tribunali
in locum, qui dicitur Lithostrotos, Hebraice autem Gabbatha. Erat autem Parasceve Paschæ, hora erat quasi sexta. Et dicit Iudæis: “Ecce rex vester!” Clamaverunt ergo illi: “Tolle, tolle, crucifige eum!” Dicit eis Pilatus: “Regem vestrum crucifigam?” Responderunt pontifices: “Non habemus regem nisi Cæsarem.” Tunc ergo tradidit eis illum, ut crucifigeretur.
Susceperunt ergo Iesum. Et baiulans sibi crucem exivit in eum, qui dicitur Calvariæ locum, quod Hebraice dicitur Golgotha, ubi eum crucifixerunt et cum eo alios duos hinc et hinc, medium autem Iesum. Scripsit autem et titulum Pilatus et posuit super crucem; erat autem scriptum: “Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudæorum.” Hunc ergo titulum multi legerunt Iudæorum, quia prope civitatem erat locus, ubi crucifixus est Iesus; et erat scriptum Hebraice, Latine, Græce. Dicebant ergo Pilato pontifices Iudæorum: “Noli scribere: Rex Iudæorum, sed: Ipse dixit: ‘Rex sum Iudaeorum.’” Respondit Pilatus: “Quod scripsi, scripsi!” Milites ergo cum crucifixissent Iesum, acceperunt vestimenta eius et fecerunt quattuor partes, unicuique militi partem, et tunicam. Erat autem tunica inconsutilis, desuper contexta per totum. Dixerunt ergo ad invicem: “Non scindamus eam, sed sortiamur de illa, cuius sit,” ut Scriptura impleatur dicens: “Partiti sunt vestimenta mea sibi et in vestem meam miserunt sortem.” Et milites quidem hæc fecerunt.
Stabant autem iuxta crucem Iesu mater eius et soror matris eius, Maria Cleopæ, et Maria Magdalene. Cum vidisset ergo Iesus matrem et discipulum stantem, quem diligebat, dicit matri: “Mulier, ecce filius tuus.” Deinde dicit discipulo: “Ecce mater tua.” Et ex illa hora accepit eam discipulus in sua. Post hoc sciens Iesus quia iam omnia consummata sunt, ut consummaretur Scriptura, dicit: “Sitio.” Vas positum erat aceto plenum; spongiam ergo plenam aceto hyssopo circumponentes, obtulerunt ori eius. Cum ergo accepisset acetum, Iesus dixit: “Consummatum est!” Et inclinato capite tradidit spiritum.
Iudæi ergo, quoniam Parasceve erat, ut non remanerent in cruce corpora sabbato, erat enim magnus dies illius sabbati, rogaverunt Pilatum, ut frangerentur eorum crura, et tollerentur. Venerunt ergo milites et primi quidem fregerunt crura et alterius, qui crucifixus est cum eo; ad Iesum autem cum venissent, ut viderunt eum iam mortuum, non fregerunt eius crura, sed unus militum lancea latus eius aperuit, et continuo exivit sanguis et aqua. Et qui vidit, testimonium perhibuit, et verum est eius testimonium, et ille scit quia vera dicit, ut et vos credatis. Facta sunt enim hæc, ut Scriptura impleatur: “Os non comminuetur eius,” et iterum alia Scriptura dicit: “Videbunt in quem transfixerunt.”
Post hæc autem rogavit Pilatum Ioseph ab Arimathœa, qui erat discipulus Iesu, occultus autem propter metum Iudæorum, ut tolleret corpus Iesu; et permisit Pilatus. Venit ergo et tulit corpus eius. Venit autem et Nicodemus, qui venerat ad eum nocte primum, ferens mixturam myrrhæ et aloes quasi libras centum. Acceperunt ergo corpus Iesu et ligaverunt illud linteis cum aromatibus, sicut mos Iudæis est sepelire. Erat autem in loco, ubi crucifixus est, hortus, et in horto monumentum novum, in quo nondum quisquam positus erat. Ibi ergo propter Parascevum Iudæorum, quia iuxta erat monumentum, posuerunt Iesum.
So the band of soldiers and their captain and the officers of the Jews seized Jesus and bound him. First they led him to Annas; for he was the father-in-law of Caiaphas, who was high priest that year. It was Caiaphas who had given counsel to the Jews that it was expedient that one man should die for the people.
Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple. As this disciple was known to the high priest, he entered the court of the high priest along with Jesus, while Peter stood outside at the door. So the other disciple, who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to the maid who kept the door and brought Peter in. The maid who kept the door said to Peter, “Are not you also one of this man’s disciples?” He said, “I am not.” Now the servants and officers had made a charcoal fire, because it was cold, and they were standing and warming themselves; Peter also was with them, standing and warming himself. The high priest then questioned Jesus about his disciples and his teaching. Jesus answered him, “I have spoken openly to the world; I have always taught in synagogues and in the temple, where all Jews come together; I have said nothing secretly. Why do you ask me? Ask those who have heard me, what I said to them; they know what I said.” When he had said this, one of the officers standing by struck Jesus with his hand, saying, “Is that how you answer the high priest?” Jesus answered him, “If I have spoken wrongly, bear witness to the wrong; but if I have spoken rightly, why do you strike me?” Annas then sent him bound to Caiaphas the high priest.
Now Simon Peter was standing and warming himself. They said to him, “Are not you also one of his disciples?” He denied it and said, “I am not.” One of the servants of the high priest, a kinsman of the man whose ear Peter had cut off, asked, “Did I not see you in the garden with him?” Peter again denied it; and at once the cock crowed.
Then they led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the praetorium. It was early. They themselves did not enter the praetorium, so that they might not be defiled, but might eat the passover. So Pilate went out to them and said, “What accusation do you bring against this man?” They answered him, “If this man were not an evildoer, we would not have handed him over.” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and judge him by your own law.” The Jews said to him, “It is not lawful for us to put any man to death.” This was to fulfil the word which Jesus had spoken to show by what death he was to die.
Pilate entered the praetorium again and called Jesus, and said to him, “Are you the
King of the Jews?” Jesus answered, “Do you say this of your own accord, or did others say it to you about me?” Pilate answered, “Am I a Jew? Your own nation and the chief priests have handed you over to me; what have you done?” Jesus answered, “My kingship is not of this world; if my kingship were of this world, my servants would fight, that I might not be handed over to the Jews; but my kingship is not from the world.” Pilate said to him, “So you are a king?” Jesus answered, “You say that I am a king. For this I was born, and for this I have come into the world, to bear witness to the truth. Every one who is of the truth hears my voice.” Pilate said to him, “What is truth?”
After he had said this, he went out to the Jews again, and told them, “I find no crime in him. But you have a custom that I should release one man for you at the Passover; will you have me release for you the King of the Jews?” They cried out again, “Not this man, but Barabbas!” Now Barabbas was a robber. Then Pilate took Jesus and scourged him. And the soldiers plaited a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and arrayed him in a purple robe; they came up to him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and struck him with their hands. Pilate went out again, and said to them, “See, I am bringing him out to you, that you may know that I find no crime in him.”
So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Behold the man!” When the chief priests and the officers saw him, they cried out, “Crucify him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no crime in him.” The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by that law he ought to die, because he has made himself the Son of God.”
When Pilate heard these words, he was the more afraid; he entered the praetorium again and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave no answer. Pilate therefore said to him, “You will not speak to me? Do you not know that I have power to release you, and power to crucify you?” Jesus answered him, “You would have no power over me unless it had been given you from above; therefore he who delivered me to you has the greater sin.” Upon this Pilate sought to release him, but the Jews cried out, “If you release this man, you are not Caesar’s friend; every one who makes himself a king sets himself against Caesar.”
When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called The Pavement, and in Hebrew, Gabbatha. Now it was the day of Preparation of the Passover; it was about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold your King!” They cried out, “Away with him, away with him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your king?” The chief priests answered, “We have no King but Caesar.” Then he handed him over to them to be crucified.
So they took Jesus, and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called the place of a skull, which is called in Hebrew Golgotha. There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, and Jesus between them. Pilate also wrote a title and put it on the cross; it read, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” Many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek. The chief priests of the Jews then said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘This man said, I am the King of the Jews.’” Pilate answered, “What I have written I have written.” When the four soldiers had crucified Jesus they took his garments and made four parts, one for each soldier; also his tunic. But the tunic was without seam, woven from top to bottom; so they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it to see whose it shall be.” This was to fulfil the scripture, “They parted my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots.” So the soldiers did this.
But standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. When Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing near, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!” Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” And from that hour the disciple took her to his own home.
After this Jesus, knowing that all was finished, said (to fulfil the scripture), “I thirst.” A bowl full of vinegar stood there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop and held it to his mouth. When Jesus had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished”: and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
Since it was the day of Preparation, in order to prevent the bodies from remaining on the cross on the sabbath (for that sabbath was a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first, and of the other who had been crucified with him; but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water. He who saw it has borne witness—his testimony is true, and he knows that he tells the truth— that you also may believe. For these things took place that the scripture might be fulfilled, “Not a bone of him shall be broken.” And again another scripture says, “They shall look on him whom they have pierced.”
After this Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly, for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate gave him leave. So he came and took away his body. Nicodemus also, who had at first come to him by night, came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pound’s weight. They took the body of Jesus, and bound it in linen cloths with spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews. Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb where no one had ever been laid. So because of the Jewish day of Preparation, as the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there. John 18:1–19:42